10 Types of Contraceptives (KB) and Plus Minus

Currently, there are various types of contraceptives (KB) available to help delay or prevent pregnancy. It’s just that, there are so many, you may be confused when choosing. In fact, the use of contraceptives will only be effective if done properly.

That is why, the choice of contraception must be adjusted to the needs and conditions of you and your partner. In order not to make the wrong choice, here is information about contraceptives and their advantages and disadvantages.

Hormonal contraceptives

Hormonal contraceptives generally contain a combination of the hormones progestin and estrogen as well as only the hormone progesterone.

These contraceptives come in various forms, such as hormonal birth control including birth control pills, mini pills, spiral birth control (IUD), and birth control injections.

Here are the types of hormonal birth control:

1. Combined progestin and estrogen birth control pills

The content in this birth control pill is a combination of the hormones progestin and estrogen.

This contraceptive helps to prevent the ovaries from producing eggs.

Birth control pills also cause changes in the mucus of the cervix or cervix and endometrium so that the sperm cannot “meet” with the egg.

Birth control pills generally have to be taken every day to prevent the release of an egg (ovulation).

Before you use it, it is important to know the advantages and disadvantages of birth control pills.

One of the advantages is that birth control pills can reduce bleeding during menstruation.

In addition, this type of birth control can also reduce PMS symptoms or premenstrual syndrome.

You can also reduce your risk of developing ovarian cancer and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which both cause ovarian cysts.

While the drawbacks of combination birth control pills are the potential to increase body weight, the risk of hypertension, and cardiovascular disease.

However, these side effects can be prevented by adopting a healthy diet and exercising regularly.

2. Progestin birth control pills

The next type of hormonal birth control is known as the mini pill.

Unlike the combination pill, the mini birth control pill contains only a progestin at a lower dosage.

Mini birth control pills can make the cervical mucus thicker, preventing the sperm from “meeting” with the egg.

Using this type of birth control can also prevent ovulation, even if only at certain times.

Launching from the Mayo Clinic, to use mini birth control pills as a means of contraception, you don’t need to wait too long until your fertile period ends.

The use of mini pills also tends to be safer than the risk of side effects of combination birth control pills.

This type of birth control does not cause side effects, such as hypertension, and does not interfere with the production of breast milk (ASI) when you are breastfeeding.

However, mini birth control pills can still cause weight gain and make menstrual cycles irregular.

3. Injectable birth control

Injectable contraception is a form of contraception that is given by injecting a progestin hormone into the bloodstream.

When used properly, this type of birth control is among the most effective at preventing pregnancies in fertile days by up to 99 percent.

That way, injectable birth control can help you plan pregnancy appropriately.

There are two types of contraceptive injections available in the market, namely:

This type of birth control is certainly more practical than taking birth control pills because you don’t need to worry if you forget to take a pill but have already had sex.

Another benefit of injectable birth control is to reduce the risk of etopic pregnancy (fetus outside the womb).

It’s just that, this type of birth control still has the risk of increasing body weight and disrupting the fertile period.

4.IUD (Intra-Uterine Device) hormonal

The IUD is a contraceptive that has a shape like the letter T.

This contraceptive device is placed in the uterus by leaving a small amount of thread in the vagina to indicate its position.

There are 2 types of contraceptive IUDs that you can choose from, namely the copper IUD (non-hormonal) and the hormonal IUD.

Hormonal IUD or spiral birth control contains synthetic progesterone hormone.

This hormone can make the uterine wall thickened so that it prevents conception.

Just like other types of hormonal birth control, there are also advantages and disadvantages of IUD KB.

The IUD is a form of contraception that can be used for a long time. So, you only need to install it once for a certain period of time.

After you remove the IUD, your fertile period can return to normal quickly.

Unfortunately, the position of the IUD device can shift while in the uterus. This can make its use uncomfortable, including during intercourse.

In addition, IUD KB can cause side effects such as cramps and menstrual bleeding that becomes more.

Physical barrier methods of contraception

Apart from some of the hormonal contraceptives above, there are other contraceptives that block the entry of sperm into the vagina.

The following are types of contraception in the form of a physical barrier:

1. Condoms

Condoms are practical contraceptives and are easy to find anywhere.

Not only that, condoms are also very easy to use. Although condoms are more common for men, condoms are also available for women.

Using a condom is an effective way to prevent conception during sex.

In addition, the use of condoms can prevent transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases.

It is important to remember, condoms are only safe and effective for single use. The use of condoms must also be appropriate because there is a risk of being released during intercourse.

You also need to be careful because the latex material in condoms can cause allergies in some people.

2. Spermicide

Using a condom will be more effective if you add a spermicide lubricant.

Spermicides are chemicals that can damage sperm which can in the form of cream, jelly, foam, or suppository.

Even though the name sounds strange, this contraceptive can actually be obtained easily.

However, spermicide protection as contraception is only temporary.

If you don’t apply enough spermicide to the penis and vagina, the remaining sperm in the semen that the man excretes may not be damaged.

The effectiveness of the spermicide will also decrease if it is used for more than 1 hour.

Therefore, this tool is more suitable to be used in conjunction with other contraceptives such as condoms.

So, when used separately with a condom, this contraceptive still cannot prevent the transmission of venereal diseases during sex.

3. Diaphragm

The diaphragm is usually made of latex or silicone with a circular shape like a dome and serves to prevent sperm from entering the uterus.

The way to use this contraceptive diaphragm is to bend or fold it in half, then insert it into the vagina to protect the cervix (cervix).

Diaphragms can also be used in conjunction with a spermicide. Using the two together can increase the effectiveness of both the diaphragm and the spermicide.

It’s just that, a diaphragm that is too large can cause discomfort when used.

Meanwhile, the size of the diaphragm that is too small has the risk of releasing or changing positions. In addition, the use of a diaphragm has the risk of irritating the genital skin.

Unlike condoms, contraceptives such as diaphragms can be used repeatedly.

Natural contraceptive methods

If you and your partner cannot use the various contraceptives above for various reasons, there are two natural contraceptive methods you can try.

The following are choices of natural contraceptive methods:

1. Calendar KB system

Natural family planning calendar because it uses the calculation of a woman’s fertile period.

This means that you are advised to avoid having sex on fertile days or on days that are known to have a high chance of conception.

Compared to hormonal contraceptives or physical barriers, this method of calendar birth control is very cheap because you may not need to spend any money at all.

In addition, you only need to rely on the calculation of the fertile period so that you don’t use the help of any tools.

However, this kb calendar system can be said to be less effective. This is because there is a 20 percent chance that the calendar birth control system will fail to prevent pregnancy.

To make it easier to calculate your fertile period, try to determine the fertility calculator from Hello Sehat.

https://hellosehat.com/cek-keseh/kalkulator-masa-subur-2/

2. Breastfeeding

Interestingly, the breastfeeding period can also be a type of natural birth control. Medically, this method is known as lactational amenorrhea.

In mothers who breastfeed their babies exclusively, fertilization cannot occur during the first 10 weeks.

The hormones needed to promote milk production can prevent the release of ovulation hormones so that pregnancy can be prevented.

If you want to use this method, you certainly don’t need to spend money. In addition, you don’t need to use any contraceptives.

However, this type of natural birth control is only effective in delaying pregnancy for a certain period of time as long as you are breastfeeding and have not returned to menstruation.

If you no longer provide exclusive breastfeeding and have had your period again, you will need to use another form of contraception.

Permanent contraceptive methods

Permanent contraception or sterilization is an option for couples who do not wish to have more children.

In women, techniques that can be performed are tubectomy, tubal ligation, tubal implants, and tubal electrocoagulation.

Meanwhile, in men, sterilization or permanent contraception is called a vasectomy.

Compared to other types of family planning, permanent contraception has every high effectiveness in preventing pregnancy.

However, the costs you have to pay to undergo sterilization can be more expensive than using other contraceptives.

This permanent contraceptive is also at risk of causing bleeding or infection.

Of the various contraceptives and birth control methods available, it is important for you and your partner to consider the advantages and disadvantages, especially the effects on health.

If you choose the right type of contraception, you and your partner also need to agree on whether or not you want to have more children.

Keeping clear if you or your partner has been infected with sexually transmitted diseases is also important to do to prevent transmission.

Hello Health Group does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.

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